A new level of performance

Available now, the new M3 coupe is one of the most highly anticipated BMW models ever. Following the success of the two prior generations of M3 3-series models, the 2001 M3 sets new standards of handling and performance.

The Differential

The 2001 M3 not only packs a more powerful engine but also a revolutionary differential called the Variable M Differential Lock.

Due to improved traction, the driver can accelerate more consistently on surfaces with varying coefficients of friction. The new system improves both handling and driving stability, enhancing safety and driving pleasure at the same time.

Developed jointly by BMW M GmbH and GKN Viscodrive GmbH, the Variable M Differential Lock offers superb traction in demanding conditions. In conjunction with the Dynamic Stability Control system and 50/50 weight distribution, the new M3 delivers handling in slippery conditions formerly regarded as impossible with a rear wheel drive sporting car.

Here's how it works:

Every car has a differential to compensate for the different distances covered by the inside and outside wheel when cornering. Performance-oriented cars have used limited slip differentials for many years. The limited slip differential limits loss of traction by locking the planet gears when one of the two drive wheels threatens to slip, for example, on a wet patch of road. But in more extreme driving conditions, the benefits of the differential lock are limited.

The Variable M Differential Lock recognizes the differential speed building between the driven wheels and generates pressure in an integrated shear pump. This pressure activates a multiple plate clutch via a piston, and conveys drive forces to the wheel with better grip, according to the difference in wheel rotation speed. In extreme cases, the entire drive forces may be transmitted to the wheel with a better frictional coefficient.

Once the difference in wheel rotation speed reduces, pump pressure is reduced accordingly and the locking action decreases. The pump system is maintenance free.

 

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